Robert Llewellyn Bradshaw
A five-person panel will lead the discussion on Freedom 106.5 FM and KYSS 102.5 FM on Thursday 8th June at 7 p.m.to mark the 50th Anniversary of the attempt by the Peoples Action Movement (PAM) to overthrow the Robert Bradshaw Government.
Panellists are former chief minister of Anguilla, Mr. Hubert Hughes; Messrs. Wingrove Archibald and Samuel Tuckett, who were soldiers in the St. Kitts-Nevis Defence Force and Hon. Konris Maynard. The panel will be led by historian and educator, Ms. Sharon Rattan.
It was on Saturday 10th June 1967, that PAM with the assistance of Anguillians and American mercenaries took up guns to seize the government.
If the June 10th 1967 coup was successful, then PAM leader and prominent lawyer, the late Dr. William V. Herbert Jr., would have been installed as Premier.
The PAM-owned Democrat newspaper which was on the newsstands on June 9th 1967, as June 10th 1967 was a holiday (Queen’s Birthday), in anticipation of the coup’s success had declared June 12th a Public Holiday.
Police later found guns which were left at the Anguilla Police station when the state police were chased out of Anguilla, in the vehicle CN 1955 owned at the time by Mr. Michael Oliver Powell, then Deputy Political Leader of the PAM.
The attempted overthrow is documented in books by the late Ronald Webster, Anguilla’s Revolutionary Leader and later Chief Minister of Anguilla in his book “A Scrap Book of the Anguilla Revolution” and “Anguilla’s Battle for Freedom 1967 – 1969” co-authored by Anguillians Colville L. Petty and A. Nat Hodge, a former Editor of the Democrat Newspaper, which is owned by the People’s Action Movement (PAM).
“Anguilla’s Battle for Freedom 1967 to 1969” notes the high point of the Revolution occurred on 30th May 1967 with the expulsion of the St. Kitts Police.
A few days later, on 10th June, 1967, a party of armed Anguillans’ (and three American Mercenaries) landed on St. Kitts to assist the PAM in several attacks on the Defense Force Camp at Springfield, the Police Headquarters on Cayon Street in Basseterre and the Needsmust Power Station.
“The landing did not achieve its principal objective, the overthrow of Robert Bradshaw’s Government, but it had the effect of preventing St. Kitts from attacking Anguilla. The Anguilla Revolution ended on 19th March 1969 when British Forces invaded the island and established a British Administration headed by a British Commissioner,” said the co-authors, who added that “Anguilla’s Battle For Freedom 1967 – 1969,” reflects the result of new research primarily through the interviewing of the those persons who were in the vanguard of the revolution and to whom we are greatly indebted.
The book again highlights the role of the opposition People’s Action Movement (PAM) in the rebellion in Anguilla and the failed armed attack on the lawfully-elected Labour Government of then Premier Robert Bradshaw.
“The sole objective of the prominent Kittitian lawyer was the capture of political power and leadership in St. Kitts. He thought it expedient to use the armed ‘might’ and revolutionary fervour of the Anguillian people to assist him in achieving it. Both of them had goals which they envisaged could have been accomplished by defeating their common enemy: Robert Bradshaw,” the co-authors wrote.
“Webster was grossly misled by opposition politicians in St. Kitts into believing that the majority of Kittitians were prepared to take up arms against their government. That illusion, together with his desire to do whatever it took to defend the Anguilla Revolution, convinced him to join forces with Bradshaw’s political enemies despite the advice of among the leadership of the Revolution. They were of the view that Bradshaw had done much good for the sugar workers, the working class of St. Kitts that he could not be removed by armed force,” the co-authors wrote.
Chapter 4 chronicles the armed attack on St. Kitts.
It states on page 84, that the notion of attacking St. Kitts was the brainchild of Ronald Webster and a prominent Kittitian lawyer.
The plan outlined on page 85 included:
The capture of the Premier Bradshaw and Deputy Premier Paul Southwell, their transfer to Anguilla and the announcement by Reuben (Rubie) Gumbs, over the government-owned Radio Station ZIZ in St. Kitts that the prominent Kittitian lawyer was the new Premier.
The destruction of the Defense Force Camp, the capture of the Police Headquarters and the shutting down of the Power Station, all located in the St. Kitts capital of Basseterre.
The destruction of the island’s fuel depot situated in eastern Basseterre. The reasoning was that the setting on fire of the gasoline tanks would cause the police, the Fire Brigade and the people of Basseterre to concentrate all of their efforts and resources on preventing a major catastrophe, thus leaving Basseterre unprotected and making it easier for the Anguillians and the opposition forces in St. Kitts to occupy and control it.
The capture of the Revenue Cutter (used by the Police), the holding of its crew as prisoners and the takeover of the commercial banks in St. Kitts.
The co-authors said the detailed planning for the attack was worked upon in Anguilla and St. Kitts and discussed in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, with two Anguillians, Reuben (Rubie) Gumbs and Clarence Rogers, who were to spearhead it.
To quote Clarence Rogers: “The Kittitian lawyer discussed the details in St. Thomas with me and Rubie. While in Anguilla, the Kittitian lawyer also discussed the plan with Joshua Gumbs who recalled.”
“At about 10 ‘o’ clock one morning in the early June 1967, the Kittitian lawyer, passed by Lewis Haskin’s machine shop, in Corito where I was doing repair work on some engines, and ask me to captain the boat which was to take the men to carry out the attack on St. Kitts,” said the book in one of the seven chapters.
The co-authors stated that the information is as a result of extensive interviews with most of the men who took part in the attack, but while the names of the Anguillians are mentioned “the names of the Kittitians who were involved in the attempted coup have been withheld out of concern for their safety and that of their relatives.”